The next invention by some optical corporation will be
Thin-film materials with variable optical properties
For solids and liquids, the reversible transformations of molecular structure, symmetry and energy band are commonly seen. Such reversible transformations may take place gradually or suddenly as far as we know. Sudden reversible transformation is very significant. It may be induced electrically or thermally, under pressure or upon exposure to ultraviolet – visible radiations. The materials that respond to such inductions within the spectrum of visible lights are electrochromic material, thermochromic material, pressure chromomic material and photochromic material respectively.
Electrochromism is a visible change that is associated with the electrochemically-induced oxidation-reduction reaction at a low voltage and characterized by reversible transmissivity or reflectivity. Its typical DC voltage is about +/1V. Chromic materials are deposited on transparent conductive electrodes, e.g. glass coated with SnO2: F or indium-tin-oxide. Immerse the electrode in an appropriate electrolyte that contains alkali ions. In case of organic thin films, the electrode is immersed in an appropriate anion electrolyte. The representative materials include WO3 and MO3. Thermochromic materials change color with the changes of surrounding environment of metal ions due to changes in visible light spectrum of some interim metal compounds. The representative materials include VO2, Ag2S and FeS.
Pressure-sensitive chromic materials may have rapidly changing optical properties due to pressure-induced volumetric changes and structural transformations between semiconductor and metal. The representative materials include: SmS and EuTe.
Photochromic materials are some thin-film materials that have visible color changes subject to different wavebands of lights like visible lights and ultraviolet rays. The representative materials include: WO3, MoO3 and AgCl-CuCl.
Wonder who will take over this principle already used in the electronic industry and trumpet it as their latest optical invention ?????????????
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